Adjectives: Declensions
This article is based on infkf.github.io/litsheets
Lithuanian adjectives agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. There are three declension types, defined by their stem endings.
1st Declension: -as / -a (e.g., geras — good)
Masculine: geras
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | ger-as | ger-i |
| Genitive | ger-o | ger-ų |
| Dative | ger-am | ger-iems |
| Accusative | ger-ą | ger-us |
| Instrumental | ger-u | ger-ais |
| Locative | ger-ame | ger-uose |
Feminine: gera
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | ger-a | ger-os |
| Genitive | ger-os | ger-ų |
| Dative | ger-ai | ger-oms |
| Accusative | ger-ą | ger-as |
| Instrumental | ger-a | ger-omis |
| Locative | ger-oje | ger-ose |
2nd Declension: -us / -i (e.g., gražus — beautiful)
Masculine: gražus
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | graž-us | graž-ūs |
| Genitive | graž-aus | graž-ių |
| Dative | graž-iam | graž-iems |
| Accusative | graž-ų | graž-ius |
| Instrumental | graž-iu | graž-iais |
| Locative | graž-iame | graž-iuose |
Feminine: graži
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | graž-i | graž-ios |
| Genitive | graž-ios | graž-ių |
| Dative | graž-iai | graž-ioms |
| Accusative | graž-ią | graž-ias |
| Instrumental | graž-ia | graž-iomis |
| Locative | graž-ioje | graž-iose |
3rd Declension: -is / -ė (e.g., medinis — wooden)
Masculine: medinis
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | medin-is | medin-iai |
| Genitive | medin-io | medin-ių |
| Dative | medin-iam | medin-iams |
| Accusative | medin-į | medin-ius |
| Instrumental | medin-iu | medin-iais |
| Locative | medin-iame | medin-iuose |
Feminine: medinė
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | medin-ė | medin-ės |
| Genitive | medin-ės | medin-ių |
| Dative | medin-ei | medin-ėms |
| Accusative | medin-ę | medin-es |
| Instrumental | medin-e | medin-ėmis |
| Locative | medin-ėje | medin-ėse |
💡 Note: The neuter predicative forms (gera, gražu, medinė) are indeclinable.
Definite Adjectives (like English "the…")
Definite adjectives specify a particular noun. They are formed by adding a definite suffix.
Masculine Definite: gerasis
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | ger-asis | ger-ieji |
| Genitive | ger-ojo | ger-ųjų |
| Dative | ger-ajam | ger-iesiems |
| Accusative | ger-ąjį | ger-uosius |
| Instrumental | ger-uoju | ger-aisiais |
| Locative | ger-ajame | ger-uosiuose |
Feminine Definite: geroji
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|
| Nominative | ger-oji | ger-osios |
| Genitive | ger-osios | ger-ųjų |
| Dative | ger-ajai | ger-osioms |
| Accusative | ger-ąją | ger-ąsias |
| Instrumental | ger-ąja | ger-osiomis |
| Locative | ger-ojoje | ger-osiose |
Degrees of Comparison
| Degree | Suffix (Masc./Fem.) | Example (gražus — beautiful) | Irregular (geras — good) |
|---|
| Comparative | -esnis / -esnė | graž-esnis (more beautiful) | ger-esnis (better) |
| Superlative | -iausias / -iausia | graž-iausias (most beautiful) | ger-iausias (best) |
| Diminutive | -utis / -utė etc. | graž-utis (pretty little) | ger-utis (good little) |
💡 Comparative adjectives are used with už (than): Jis yra aukštesnis už mane. (He is taller than me.)
💡 Superlative adjectives are used with iš (of/among): Ji yra geriausia iš visų. (She is the best of all.)
Example Sentences
- Tai yra geras namas. — This is a good house.
- Jis turi gražią mašiną. — He has a beautiful car.
- Gerasis mokytojas aiškina kantriai. — The good teacher explains patiently.
- Ji yra aukštesnė už savo seserį. — She is taller than her sister.