Pronouns: Declensions
This article is based on infkf.github.io/litsheets
In Lithuanian, pronouns decline by case, gender, and number. This reference covers personal, reflexive, possessive, demonstrative, and interrogative pronouns.
Personal and Reflexive Pronouns
Personal pronouns identify specific persons. The reflexive pronoun savęs refers back to the subject and has no nominative form.
| Case | 1st Sg. (aš) | 2nd Sg. (tu) | 1st Pl. (mes) | 2nd Pl. (jūs) | Reflexive (savęs) |
|---|
| Nominative | aš | tu | mes | jūs | — |
| Genitive | man-ęs | tav-ęs | mūs-ų | jūs-ų | sav-ęs |
| Dative | man | tau | mums | jums | sau |
| Accusative | man-e | tav-e | mus | jus | sav-e |
| Instrumental | man-imi | tav-imi | mum-is | jum-is | sav-imi |
| Locative | man-yje | tav-yje | mum-yse | jum-yse | sav-yje |
💡 Note: The dative forms man, tau, mums, jums, sau are very common — used with verbs of sensation or possession: Man patinka (I like it / It pleases me), Tau šalta? (Are you cold?)
Third-Person Pronouns
| Case | Masc. Sg. (jis) | Fem. Sg. (ji) | Masc. Pl. (jie) | Fem. Pl. (jos) |
|---|
| Nominative | jis | ji | jie | jos |
| Genitive | jo | jos | jų | jų |
| Dative | jam | jai | jiems | joms |
| Accusative | jį | ją | juos | jas |
| Instrumental | juo | ja | jais | jomis |
| Locative | jame | joje | juose | jose |
Possessive Pronouns
💡 Key rule: Lithuanian has no separate possessive adjectives (my, your, his…). Instead, it uses the genitive case of personal pronouns. All possessive pronouns are indeclinable — their form never changes regardless of the noun's case.
| Pronoun | Meaning | Example |
|---|
| mano | my | Tai yra mano knyga. (This is my book.) |
| tavo | your (sg.) | Tai yra tavo brolis. (This is your brother.) |
| jo | his | Tai yra jo mašina. (This is his car.) |
| jos | her | Tai yra jos namas. (This is her house.) |
| savo | one's own (reflexive) | Aš myliu savo miestą. (I love my own city.) |
| mūsų | our | Tai yra mūsų tėvai. (These are our parents.) |
| jūsų | your (pl./formal) | Kur yra jūsų viešbutis? (Where is your hotel?) |
| jų | their | Mačiau jų vaikus. (I saw their children.) |
Demonstrative Pronouns
šis (this) / ši (this)
| Case | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Singular | | |
| Nominative | šis | ši |
| Genitive | šio | šios |
| Dative | šiam | šiai |
| Accusative | šį | šią |
| Instrumental | šiuo | šia |
| Locative | šiame | šioje |
| Plural | | |
| Nominative | šie | šios |
| Genitive | šių | šių |
| Dative | šiems | šioms |
| Accusative | šiuos | šias |
| Instrumental | šiais | šiomis |
| Locative | šiuose | šiose |
tas (that) / ta (that)
| Case | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Singular | | |
| Nominative | tas | ta |
| Genitive | to | tos |
| Dative | tam | tai |
| Accusative | tą | tą |
| Instrumental | tuo | ta |
| Locative | tame | toje |
| Plural | | |
| Nominative | tie | tos |
| Genitive | tų | tų |
| Dative | tiems | toms |
| Accusative | tuos | tas |
| Instrumental | tais | tomis |
| Locative | tuose | tose |
Interrogative Pronouns
kas (who / what) — gender-neutral
| Case | Form |
|---|
| Nominative | kas |
| Genitive | ko |
| Dative | kam |
| Accusative | ką |
| Instrumental | kuo |
| Locative | kame |
kuris (which) / kuri (which)
| Case | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Singular | | |
| Nominative | kuris | kuri |
| Genitive | kurio | kurios |
| Dative | kuriam | kuriai |
| Accusative | kurį | kurią |
| Instrumental | kuriuo | kuria |
| Locative | kuriame | kurioje |
| Plural | | |
| Nominative | kurie | kurios |
| Genitive | kurių | kurių |
| Dative | kuriems | kurioms |
| Accusative | kuriuos | kurias |
| Instrumental | kuriais | kuriomis |
| Locative | kuriuose | kuriose |
Example Sentences
- Aš matau jį gatvėje. — I see him on the street.
- Tai yra mano knyga, o tai — tavo. — This is my book, and that one is yours.
- Šis namas yra didesnis už tą. — This house is bigger than that one.
- Kas čia gyvena? — Who lives here?
- Kuris mokytojas tave moko? — Which teacher teaches you?